Who it is for
People over 18 from outside the EU who want to run a profitable self-employed activity in Spain, as a freelancer or with a small business. If your project is innovative, Spain's separate entrepreneur residence, which needs a favourable report from the public agency ENISA, may fit better.
The main requirements
- An NIE (foreigner identity number) before the application starts.
- A business project showing the investment, its viability and the jobs it may create.
- Licences needed for your activity, and proof of your professional qualifications.
- Enough money to fund the business and support yourself.
- A clean criminal record and a valid passport.
How long it takes
The foreigners office (Oficina de Extranjería) of the relevant government delegation decides the permit. Once it is approved, you have one month to apply for the visa at the consulate, in person. Timelines vary by office and consulate.
How Ascend helps
We write the business project and investment overview the foreigners office assesses, list the licences your activity needs and build the file with you. Legal advice is handled by an independent lawyer, billed directly by the lawyer.
Questions people ask
Do I apply for the Spanish self-employed visa at the consulate first?
No. The residence and work authorisation is decided first by the foreigners office in Spain. After approval you have one month to apply for the visa at the consulate.
Do I need an NIE before applying?
Yes. Your foreigner identity number (NIE) must be in hand before the application starts. The consulate can help you obtain it.
Is there a separate visa for innovative start-ups in Spain?
Yes. Innovative projects can apply for an entrepreneur residence instead, which needs a favourable report from ENISA. We help you choose the right route.
Can Ascend guarantee approval?
No. The authorities decide every application. We prepare the strongest possible plan and file and tell you honestly in the clarity session whether your case is ready.
Rules checked October 2026. Immigration rules change; we confirm the current rules for your case in your session.